●  Detention for deportation in Kraków

On 1 and 3 August, Poland deported two Ukrainian citizens to Ukraine after police and Border Guard checks. One had a final conviction for drunk driving and was already listed as a person whose stay in Poland was undesirable; the other was stopped for speeding, intoxication and driving without a licence and had multiple previous offences.

Both were escorted to the Ukrainian border and handed over to Ukrainian authorities, with five-year Schengen entry bans. The particularly severe aspect was the timing: returning them to Ukraine amid the ongoing Russian invasion and war potentially exposed them to serious and possibly life-threatening danger. The deportations therefore effectively meant sending the two men back to a country where they could face a substantial risk of death, rather than allowing them to remain in Poland or seek protection elsewhere.